Mosquito mating is a vital yet poorly understood process that directly influences population size and the spread of diseases like malaria and dengue. Since female mosquitoes mate only once in their lifetime, this single encounter determines their fertility and affects the success of innovative vector control strategies, such as gene drive and the sterile insect technique (SIT). Gaining a deeper understanding of mosquito mating behavior is crucial for both fundamental biology and the development of effective disease control methods.

In many mosquito species, mating takes place within large swarms, but little is known about how these swarms form, how females choose their mates, or how mosquitoes ensure they reproduce only within their species. This project aims to answer these questions by studying mosquito mating behavior in a controlled environment. Using a specialized large-cage system, we can replicate natural swarming conditions, while advanced 3D imaging and analysis techniques help us decode complex swarm interactions. Our research focuses on understanding male swarm dynamics in Anopheles gambiae, analyzing precopulatory flight behaviors, and exploring the role of mosquito hearing in swarm formation and mating success.

By uncovering the mechanics of mosquito swarming and courtship, this research will provide essential insights to improve the safety and effectiveness of mosquito population control strategies. These findings will contribute to the development of targeted interventions that can reduce the spread of mosquito-borne diseases, ultimately supporting global public health efforts.

External:
Sapienza Università di Roma - Stefania Melillo & Leonardo Parisi

Bando PRIN 2022